Paper

Walsh K, McGovern DP, Dully J, Kelly SP, O'Connell RG. Prior probability cues bias sensory encoding with increasing task exposure. eLife 12:RP91135, 2024.

Notes

Source paper for the human visual contrast prior-cue slice. Stratification is by cue context (invalid / neutral / valid); each gets its own pooled finding. The OSF "1. Behavioural Analysis.mat" file carries 66,200 processed behavioural rows that the slice harmonizes; psychometric_summary.csv is the per-cue-context aggregate. Per-observer × per-cue findings (12 observers × 3 cues = 36) are extracted from the harmonized trials with min_points=2 so subject J's sparse two-level coverage stays included; the audit-findings command verifies that the n-weighted aggregate of these subject curves recovers each pooled cue curve to numerical precision.

Curves on shared axes

Findings extracted from this paper, plotted alongside one another.

Compare to the rest of the literature on /findings.

Findings

Finding	Curve	Species	Source level	Stratification	Points	Fits
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-invalid	chronometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	19	chronometric-constant-rt AIC=15.6 chronometric-hyperbolic-rt AIC=19.6 ddm-drift-bias AIC=13336.6 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=13336.5 ddm-vanilla AIC=15301.0
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-neutral	chronometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	19	chronometric-constant-rt AIC=13.9 chronometric-hyperbolic-rt AIC=17.9 ddm-drift-bias AIC=11523.4 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=11569.4 ddm-vanilla AIC=13667.9
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-valid	chronometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	19	chronometric-constant-rt AIC=18.8 chronometric-hyperbolic-rt AIC=22.8 ddm-drift-bias AIC=34956.2 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=34872.2 ddm-vanilla AIC=37864.9
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-invalid	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	38	ddm-drift-bias AIC=13336.6 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=13336.5 ddm-vanilla AIC=15301.0 logistic-4param AIC=13317.6 sdt-2afc AIC=13313.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-neutral	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	38	ddm-drift-bias AIC=11523.4 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=11569.4 ddm-vanilla AIC=13667.9 logistic-4param AIC=11393.3 sdt-2afc AIC=11525.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-valid	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	38	ddm-drift-bias AIC=34956.2 ddm-starting-point-bias AIC=34872.2 ddm-vanilla AIC=37864.9 logistic-4param AIC=31831.8 sdt-2afc AIC=35466.1
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-a	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	10	logistic-4param AIC=1237.5 sdt-2afc AIC=1232.7
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-b	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	10	logistic-4param AIC=1382.8 sdt-2afc AIC=1376.1
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-c	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	8	logistic-4param AIC=840.9 sdt-2afc AIC=838.0
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-d	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	8	logistic-4param AIC=929.5 sdt-2afc AIC=923.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-e	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	10	logistic-4param AIC=1063.3 sdt-2afc AIC=1056.2
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-f	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	12	logistic-4param AIC=1237.0 sdt-2afc AIC=1249.5
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-g	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	10	logistic-4param AIC=1230.3 sdt-2afc AIC=1220.1
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-h	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	8	logistic-4param AIC=1226.4 sdt-2afc AIC=1219.6
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-i	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	8	logistic-4param AIC=913.4 sdt-2afc AIC=922.0
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-j	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	2	logistic-4param AIC=494.1 sdt-2afc AIC=2449.3
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-k	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	6	logistic-4param AIC=852.9 sdt-2afc AIC=848.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-l	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=invalid	4	logistic-4param AIC=1115.9 sdt-2afc AIC=1086.6
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-a	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	10	logistic-4param AIC=1112.3 sdt-2afc AIC=1108.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-b	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	10	logistic-4param AIC=1155.3 sdt-2afc AIC=1155.6
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-c	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	8	logistic-4param AIC=718.6 sdt-2afc AIC=714.6
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-d	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	8	logistic-4param AIC=936.4 sdt-2afc AIC=934.1
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-e	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	10	logistic-4param AIC=996.8 sdt-2afc AIC=992.8
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-f	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	12	logistic-4param AIC=963.1 sdt-2afc AIC=1022.3
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-g	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	10	logistic-4param AIC=1144.5 sdt-2afc AIC=1144.6
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-h	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	8	logistic-4param AIC=899.4 sdt-2afc AIC=904.8
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-i	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	8	logistic-4param AIC=762.2 sdt-2afc AIC=797.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-j	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	2	logistic-4param AIC=522.7 sdt-2afc AIC=518.7
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-k	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	6	logistic-4param AIC=760.6 sdt-2afc AIC=773.2
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-l	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=neutral	4	logistic-4param AIC=880.7 sdt-2afc AIC=876.5
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-a	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	10	logistic-4param AIC=3304.1 sdt-2afc AIC=3360.2
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-b	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	10	logistic-4param AIC=2170.0 sdt-2afc AIC=2256.3
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-c	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	8	logistic-4param AIC=2617.7 sdt-2afc AIC=2648.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-d	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	8	logistic-4param AIC=3065.6 sdt-2afc AIC=3068.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-e	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	10	logistic-4param AIC=2073.7 sdt-2afc AIC=2129.9
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-f	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	12	logistic-4param AIC=1699.6 sdt-2afc AIC=2634.0
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-g	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	10	logistic-4param AIC=3835.7 sdt-2afc AIC=4055.8
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-h	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	8	logistic-4param AIC=2070.1 sdt-2afc AIC=2839.5
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-i	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	8	logistic-4param AIC=2252.7 sdt-2afc AIC=2528.3
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-j	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	2	logistic-4param AIC=1585.4 sdt-2afc AIC=1581.4
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-k	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	6	logistic-4param AIC=2746.1 sdt-2afc AIC=2870.9
finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-l	psychometric	human	processed-trial	cue=valid	4	logistic-4param AIC=2329.6 sdt-2afc AIC=2339.6

Fit parameters

Per-finding fits committed alongside this paper. Parameters, log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC for each variant. Click the finding id for residuals, model-selection winner, and provenance.

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-invalid cue=invalid

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
chronometric-constant-rt	rt_level=0.913	-6.8	15.6	16.6
chronometric-hyperbolic-rt	half_saturation_strength=13.812 · rt_floor=0.913 · rt_span=0.000	-6.8	19.6	22.5
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.703 · drift_bias=1.244 · drift_per_unit_evidence=5.01e-3 · non_decision_time=0.745	-6664.3	13336.6	13365.8
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.764 · drift_per_unit_evidence=4.59e-3 · non_decision_time=0.649 · starting_point=0.706	-6664.2	13336.5	13365.7
ddm-vanilla	boundary=1.00e-3 · drift_per_unit_evidence=1.00e-6 · non_decision_time=0.745	-7647.5	15301.0	15322.9

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-neutral cue=neutral

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
chronometric-constant-rt	rt_level=0.885	-5.9	13.9	14.8
chronometric-hyperbolic-rt	half_saturation_strength=13.938 · rt_floor=0.885 · rt_span=0.000	-5.9	17.9	20.7
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.835 · drift_bias=1.245 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.088 · non_decision_time=0.705	-5757.7	11523.4	11552.6
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.668 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.107 · non_decision_time=0.705 · starting_point=0.723	-5780.7	11569.4	11598.6
ddm-vanilla	boundary=0.656 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.090 · non_decision_time=0.705	-6831.0	13667.9	13689.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.chronometric.cue-valid cue=valid

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
chronometric-constant-rt	rt_level=0.849	-8.4	18.8	19.8
chronometric-hyperbolic-rt	half_saturation_strength=13.947 · rt_floor=0.849 · rt_span=0.000	-8.4	22.8	25.6
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.896 · drift_bias=0.834 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.169 · non_decision_time=0.680	-17474.1	34956.2	34990.9
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.763 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.204 · non_decision_time=0.680 · starting_point=0.651	-17432.1	34872.2	34906.9
ddm-vanilla	boundary=0.747 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.186 · non_decision_time=0.680	-18929.5	37864.9	37891.0

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-invalid cue=invalid

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.703 · drift_bias=1.244 · drift_per_unit_evidence=5.01e-3 · non_decision_time=0.745	-6664.3	13336.6	13365.8
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.764 · drift_per_unit_evidence=4.59e-3 · non_decision_time=0.649 · starting_point=0.706	-6664.2	13336.5	13365.7
ddm-vanilla	boundary=1.00e-3 · drift_per_unit_evidence=1.00e-6 · non_decision_time=0.745	-7647.5	15301.0	15322.9
logistic-4param	bias=-28.000 · lower_lapse=0.484 · slope=140.362 · upper_lapse=0.112	-6654.8	13317.6	13346.8
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.541 · d_prime=2.15e-3	-6654.7	13313.4	13328.0

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-neutral cue=neutral

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.835 · drift_bias=1.245 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.088 · non_decision_time=0.705	-5757.7	11523.4	11552.6
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.668 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.107 · non_decision_time=0.705 · starting_point=0.723	-5780.7	11569.4	11598.6
ddm-vanilla	boundary=0.656 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.090 · non_decision_time=0.705	-6831.0	13667.9	13689.8
logistic-4param	bias=-11.449 · lower_lapse=0.211 · slope=6.092 · upper_lapse=0.111	-5692.6	11393.3	11422.5
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.609 · d_prime=0.042	-5760.7	11525.4	11540.0

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.cue-valid cue=valid

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
ddm-drift-bias	boundary=0.896 · drift_bias=0.834 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.169 · non_decision_time=0.680	-17474.1	34956.2	34990.9
ddm-starting-point-bias	boundary=0.763 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.204 · non_decision_time=0.680 · starting_point=0.651	-17432.1	34872.2	34906.9
ddm-vanilla	boundary=0.747 · drift_per_unit_evidence=0.186 · non_decision_time=0.680	-18929.5	37864.9	37891.0
logistic-4param	bias=-1.713 · lower_lapse=0.221 · slope=1.179 · upper_lapse=0.049	-15911.9	31831.8	31866.6
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.406 · d_prime=0.084	-17731.0	35466.1	35483.5

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-a cue=invalid · subject-A

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-22.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=440.000 · upper_lapse=0.091	-614.7	1237.5	1257.2
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.553 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-614.4	1232.7	1242.6

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-b cue=invalid · subject-B

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-17.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=340.000 · upper_lapse=0.310	-687.4	1382.8	1402.5
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.256 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-686.1	1376.1	1386.0

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-c cue=invalid · subject-C

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=2.116 · lower_lapse=0.337 · slope=2.717 · upper_lapse=0.236	-416.4	840.9	859.1
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.145 · d_prime=0.034	-417.0	838.0	847.1

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-d cue=invalid · subject-D

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-20.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=46.947 · upper_lapse=0.000	-460.7	929.5	949.0
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.895 · d_prime=6.02e-3	-459.7	923.4	933.1

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-e cue=invalid · subject-E

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-15.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=300.000 · upper_lapse=0.249	-527.7	1063.3	1082.1
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.338 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-526.1	1056.2	1065.6

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-f cue=invalid · subject-F

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-7.784 · lower_lapse=0.400 · slope=1.00e-6 · upper_lapse=0.325	-614.5	1237.0	1256.4
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.242 · d_prime=0.017	-622.7	1249.5	1259.2

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-g cue=invalid · subject-G

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-10.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=60.376 · upper_lapse=0.000	-611.1	1230.3	1250.6
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.803 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-608.1	1220.1	1230.3

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-h cue=invalid · subject-H

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-22.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=440.000 · upper_lapse=0.057	-609.2	1226.4	1246.2
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.609 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-607.8	1219.6	1229.5

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-i cue=invalid · subject-I

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-12.940 · lower_lapse=0.138 · slope=5.531 · upper_lapse=0.191	-452.7	913.4	932.1
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.289 · d_prime=0.033	-459.0	922.0	931.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-j cue=invalid · subject-J

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-10.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=15.965 · upper_lapse=0.000	-243.0	494.1	512.2
sdt-2afc	criterion=-50.000 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-1222.7	2449.3	2458.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-k cue=invalid · subject-K

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-14.871 · lower_lapse=0.000 · slope=19.332 · upper_lapse=0.000	-422.4	852.9	871.2
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.469 · d_prime=0.032	-422.2	848.4	857.6

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-invalid.subject-l cue=invalid · subject-L

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-12.000 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=240.000 · upper_lapse=0.000	-553.9	1115.9	1135.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.874 · d_prime=1.00e-6	-541.3	1086.6	1096.6

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-a cue=neutral · subject-A

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-16.165 · lower_lapse=0.000 · slope=17.231 · upper_lapse=0.046	-552.1	1112.3	1131.8
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.437 · d_prime=0.031	-552.2	1108.4	1118.2

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-b cue=neutral · subject-B

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=9.486 · lower_lapse=0.494 · slope=4.159 · upper_lapse=0.000	-573.6	1155.3	1174.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.454 · d_prime=0.040	-575.8	1155.6	1165.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-c cue=neutral · subject-C

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=0.529 · lower_lapse=0.070 · slope=10.816 · upper_lapse=0.000	-355.3	718.6	736.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.102 · d_prime=0.051	-355.3	714.6	723.7

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-d cue=neutral · subject-D

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-20.000 · lower_lapse=0.136 · slope=6.544 · upper_lapse=0.102	-464.2	936.4	955.8
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.797 · d_prime=0.030	-465.0	934.1	943.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-e cue=neutral · subject-E

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-3.129 · lower_lapse=0.405 · slope=11.079 · upper_lapse=0.102	-494.4	996.8	1015.7
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.499 · d_prime=0.029	-494.4	992.8	1002.3

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-f cue=neutral · subject-F

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-2.477 · lower_lapse=0.169 · slope=3.365 · upper_lapse=0.154	-477.5	963.1	982.5
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.109 · d_prime=0.048	-509.1	1022.3	1032.0

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-g cue=neutral · subject-G

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-2.703 · lower_lapse=0.500 · slope=5.934 · upper_lapse=0.000	-568.3	1144.5	1165.0
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.903 · d_prime=0.065	-570.3	1144.6	1154.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-h cue=neutral · subject-H

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-20.103 · lower_lapse=0.000 · slope=8.462 · upper_lapse=0.061	-445.7	899.4	919.2
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.973 · d_prime=0.041	-450.4	904.8	914.7

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-i cue=neutral · subject-I

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-12.929 · lower_lapse=0.272 · slope=0.062 · upper_lapse=0.103	-377.1	762.2	780.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.369 · d_prime=0.049	-396.7	797.4	806.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-j cue=neutral · subject-J

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-9.531 · lower_lapse=0.410 · slope=6.122 · upper_lapse=6.75e-3	-257.4	522.7	541.0
sdt-2afc	criterion=-1.190 · d_prime=0.069	-257.4	518.7	527.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-k cue=neutral · subject-K

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-9.226 · lower_lapse=0.246 · slope=1.515 · upper_lapse=0.146	-376.3	760.6	778.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.556 · d_prime=0.049	-384.6	773.2	782.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-neutral.subject-l cue=neutral · subject-L

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-12.000 · lower_lapse=0.263 · slope=8.375 · upper_lapse=6.68e-3	-436.3	880.7	900.4
sdt-2afc	criterion=-1.010 · d_prime=0.057	-436.2	876.5	886.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-a cue=valid · subject-A

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-7.894 · lower_lapse=0.197 · slope=3.649 · upper_lapse=0.065	-1648.1	3304.1	3329.4
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.423 · d_prime=0.060	-1678.1	3360.2	3372.8

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-b cue=valid · subject-B

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=1.072 · lower_lapse=0.122 · slope=2.488 · upper_lapse=0.014	-1081.0	2170.0	2195.3
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.360 · d_prime=0.122	-1126.1	2256.3	2268.9

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-c cue=valid · subject-C

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=13.358 · lower_lapse=0.181 · slope=0.426 · upper_lapse=0.129	-1304.9	2617.7	2641.5
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.031 · d_prime=0.057	-1322.2	2648.4	2660.3

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-d cue=valid · subject-D

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-12.574 · lower_lapse=0.000 · slope=6.446 · upper_lapse=0.026	-1528.8	3065.6	3090.6
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.727 · d_prime=0.067	-1532.2	3068.4	3080.9

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-e cue=valid · subject-E

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-8.997 · lower_lapse=0.141 · slope=0.438 · upper_lapse=0.053	-1032.9	2073.7	2098.1
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.296 · d_prime=0.105	-1063.0	2129.9	2142.1

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-f cue=valid · subject-F

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-5.674 · lower_lapse=0.056 · slope=0.081 · upper_lapse=0.058	-845.8	1699.6	1724.6
sdt-2afc	criterion=0.014 · d_prime=0.088	-1315.0	2634.0	2646.5

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-g cue=valid · subject-G

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=1.037 · lower_lapse=0.406 · slope=0.890 · upper_lapse=0.030	-1913.8	3835.7	3861.5
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.712 · d_prime=0.145	-2025.9	4055.8	4068.7

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-h cue=valid · subject-H

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=2.455 · lower_lapse=0.179 · slope=1.00e-6 · upper_lapse=6.16e-3	-1031.0	2070.1	2095.4
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.505 · d_prime=0.140	-1417.8	2839.5	2852.2

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-i cue=valid · subject-I

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-3.338 · lower_lapse=0.168 · slope=0.560 · upper_lapse=0.070	-1122.4	2252.7	2277.0
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.216 · d_prime=0.066	-1262.1	2528.3	2540.4

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-j cue=valid · subject-J

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-5.284 · lower_lapse=0.180 · slope=2.341 · upper_lapse=2.65e-3	-788.7	1585.4	1609.1
sdt-2afc	criterion=-1.035 · d_prime=0.163	-788.7	1581.4	1593.3

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-k cue=valid · subject-K

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-7.497 · lower_lapse=0.277 · slope=0.278 · upper_lapse=0.105	-1369.0	2746.1	2769.9
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.383 · d_prime=0.066	-1433.5	2870.9	2882.9

finding.walsh-2024-prior-cue.psychometric.subject.cue-valid.subject-l cue=valid · subject-L

Variant	Parameters	logL	AIC	BIC
logistic-4param	bias=-6.430 · lower_lapse=0.216 · slope=0.868 · upper_lapse=5.41e-3	-1160.8	2329.6	2355.4
sdt-2afc	criterion=-0.884 · d_prime=0.143	-1167.8	2339.6	2352.5